Navigating the world of fertility terminology can be a bit overwhelming. Here’s a straightforward list of terms you might encounter, along with simple explanations.
Assisted Hatching
Before an egg or early embryo attaches to the uterus, it’s encased in a thin membrane called the zona pellucida. At some point, the embryo needs to “hatch” out of this membrane for implantation to happen. If the embryo struggles with this, possibly due to a thick or hardened membrane—common in older women or frozen eggs—we can use assisted hatching. This involves using a diode laser to gently create an opening in the zona pellucida, helping the embryo to exit.
Cervical Mucus
Cervical mucus is a fluid produced by glands in the cervix and vagina. It plays two major roles:
- Protecting against germs: It creates a barrier that helps prevent infections in the cervix.
- Helping sperm travel: The texture of cervical mucus changes throughout the menstrual cycle, influencing how easily sperm can move through the vagina and into the uterus.
During the fertile window, just before ovulation, cervical mucus is typically clear and stretchy, resembling egg whites, which makes it easier for sperm to navigate. On non-fertile days, it tends to be cloudy and thicker, making it harder for sperm to penetrate. However, you can’t determine if fertilization has happened just by looking at cervical mucus; the only way to confirm is by missing your period.
Examining Cervical Mucus During Fertility Treatments
Assessing cervical mucus is a key part of fertility evaluations. Doctors will often sample the mucus around ovulation to check if it’s suitable for sperm transportation.
Sperm-Cervical Mucus Compatibility Test (SCMC)
Along with examining cervical mucus, a compatibility test with a sperm sample is usually conducted. This test evaluates how well sperm can swim through the mucus and how long they survive in it. If sperm have difficulty at this stage, it may indicate potential fertility issues. In such cases, artificial insemination might be suggested, but there could be other options available too.
Embryoscopy (Time-Lapse Imaging)
An embryoscope is a high-tech device that keeps embryos in a stable environment from fertilization until they’re ready to be transferred into the uterus. It monitors and adjusts conditions like temperature and pH, ensuring optimal development. It also has a microscope feature, allowing staff to observe the embryo continuously. For more details, consult your fertility specialist.
Follitropin (FSH)
Follitropin is a synthetic version of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), produced in the pituitary gland. In both men and women, it plays a crucial role in the development and functioning of reproductive organs, as well as in the production of eggs and sperm. In women, FSH levels rise during the first half of the menstrual cycle, stimulating follicle maturation. In men, it supports sperm production.
FSH Deficiency and Its Impact on Fertility
FSH deficiency can be caused by various factors. In women, it may lead to irregular or absent ovulation, while in men, it can affect sperm quality. Doctors can determine the cause through blood tests or imaging. In fertility treatments like IVF or ICSI, follitropin can help control egg development and increase egg retrieval chances. It’s usually injected under the skin, and while side effects like rashes or headaches can occur, detailed information will be provided before treatment.
PN-Scoring
This innovative technique allows us to select the best fertilized eggs based on their developmental patterns, helping to choose those with the highest chances of leading to a successful pregnancy.
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In summary, understanding these terms can help demystify the fertility journey. Whether it’s the function of cervical mucus or the role of hormones like FSH, knowing what each term means can empower you as you explore your options.