Mosquitoes have always been a nuisance, but the arrival of the Zika virus adds a whole new level of concern, especially for those who are pregnant or planning to conceive. So, what do you need to know?
What’s the Deal with Zika?
Zika virus has been around since the 1950s, and for most people, it causes mild symptoms like fever, rash, joint pain, and red eyes—a rough week, but generally nothing serious. However, for pregnant women, the stakes are much higher. Zika can lead to microcephaly in babies, which is when the brain doesn’t develop properly, resulting in an abnormally small head. Sadly, the first trimester is the riskiest time for exposure.
Birth Defects and Zika: The Numbers
While not every fetus exposed to Zika will develop complications, the risk is notably higher. Estimates suggest that about 5-15% of infants born to women infected with Zika during pregnancy may face Zika-related issues, particularly if infection occurs during the first or second trimester.
Symptoms of Zika Virus Infection
What’s particularly frustrating about Zika is that most adults show mild symptoms or none at all. Common signs include fever, rash, joint pain, and red, itchy eyes. Since symptoms can be absent, pregnant women might not even realize they’re infected.
How Zika Spreads
Zika spreads in various ways:
- Mosquito bites (naturally)
- Sexual contact (it can be transmitted through vaginal, anal, or oral activities)
- From mother to baby during pregnancy
- Rarely through blood transfusions
Currently, there’s no vaccine available, making it crucial to steer clear of mosquitoes that carry the virus.
Where Is Zika a Problem?
Zika has made its rounds globally, popping up in:
- Africa
- Asia
- The Caribbean
- Central and South America
- North America
- Pacific Islands
The CDC has issued a Level 2 travel warning for many popular vacation spots, including:
- Caribbean: Jamaica, Dominican Republic, Puerto Rico, and more
- Central America: Costa Rica, Belize, and Panama
- Mexico: The entire country
- South America: Brazil, Colombia, and Venezuela
What does a “Level 2 warning” mean? In simple terms, it suggests to reconsider travel if you’re pregnant due to health risks.
Protecting Yourself While Traveling
If you’re traveling or living in a Zika-affected area, here are some tips to keep you safe:
- Dress smart: Long sleeves and pants are your best friends in sunny locations.
- Use bug repellent: Opt for EPA-registered repellents that are safe for pregnancy, such as those containing DEET, picaridin, or IR3535.
- Stay indoors: Preferably in places with air conditioning and window screens.
- Eliminate standing water: Mosquitoes breed in stagnant water—don’t give them a nursery in your flower pots!
- Practice safe sex: Use condoms during pregnancy if your partner has been in a Zika area, or abstain altogether.
When to Contact Your Healthcare Provider
Reach out to your doctor if:
- You or your partner visited a Zika-infected area
- You experience symptoms like fever, rash, joint pain, or red eyes
Your doctor may suggest testing if symptoms arise or if an ultrasound indicates potential issues.
Final Thoughts
The best way to protect your baby from Zika is to avoid getting infected in the first place, especially during those crucial early months. This information should give you a better understanding and one more reason to dislike mosquitoes. For more on pregnancy and home insemination, check out the CDC’s resources and also consider the unique options provided by Vegas Pregnancy for sperm donor matching or Make a Mom for home insemination kits.
If you want to delve into the differences between mineral and chemical sunscreens while you’re at it, take a look at our blog post for more insights.
In summary, staying informed and taking proactive steps can help ensure a healthier pregnancy experience.